Nozzle construction



March 24, 1936. J. c. scHELLlN 2,035,194

. NOZZLE CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 11, 1935 l, MECA Patented `Mar. Q24,1936 Y,

NOZZLE CONSTRUCTION John C. Schellin, Woo

The Akron Brass Manufacturing Company, Wooster, Ohio, a corporation ofOhio Application February'n, 1935, serial No. 5,957 s Claims. (c1.299-115) The invention relates to nozzles for breaking up fluid mediaand discharging the same in the form of extremely fine particles. Moreparticularly, the invention relates to nozzles for discharging particlesof fluid media in a state adapted to effectively extinguish varioustypes of, fires.

Many res may be extinguished more easily, rapidly and eiectively thanhas been previously possible by providing a nozzle which will break upand discharge fluid media in such ne particles as to form a dense fog orvapor, because the fog acts to blanket or smother a large area of re.Such a nozzle is disclosed, described and claimed in my prior Patent No.1,995,884, entitled Fogproducing nozzle.

Where a nre of substantial depth is to be extinguished, it is frequentlydesirable to have a nozzle which will discharge uid media in the form ofa stream of relatively high velocity. This type of re occurs in theburning of relatively light material which is not too greatly compacted,such as piles of cotton waste, waste papers, rubbish and the like, wherecombustion takes place not only on the surface of the material, butthroughout the mass. Y

In such instances, a high velocity stream of Water or other uid mediumwill act to penetrate the mass of burning material and extinguish thefire burning beneath the surface, and if the surface of the mass is alsoburning, the extinguishing uid may be applied in the form of a streamand a fog simultaneously, to extinguish all of the fire with maximumeiectiveness.

I have provided a nozzle which is capable of discharging a uid mediumsuch as water in the form of a stream and a fog, either together orsingly.

Such a nozzle is particularly applicable for use by any and all personsextinguishing relatively small res, because a small re of waste paperand the like can be completely extinguished so g quickly and with sosmall an amount of water that a minimum of damage results.

It is therefore an object of the present inven` tion to provide animproved nozzle construction for pressure uid lines which is capable ofproducing simultaneously a fog composed of particles of maximum nenessand a fluid stream of relatively high velocity.

Another object is to provide an improved nozzle construction forpressure `fluid lines which is adapted to selectively produce a fogcomposed of particles of maximum fineness or a fluid stream Vof 5ilrelatively high velocity. Y

"A runner` ebject" "to provide an improved nozzle construction havingmanually operable valve means for controlling the form in which thefluid is discharged. n f

A still further object is to provide an improved nozzle constructionwhich is simply and compactly constructed, and adapted for quick'andeasy connection to' any portable or stationary pressure fluid line. j

These and other objects are attained by the parts, elements,combinations and improvementsV comprising the present invention, whichare hereinafter described in detail and dened in the appended claims.

In general terms, the improved nozzle may be stated as including aseparable housing having al fluid entrance end and a fluid dischargeend, the entrance end being adaptedsforV connection to a pressure fluidline, the discharge end being provided with a discharge aperture, rotormeans intermediate the ends of thel housing for breaking up iiuidpassing in the entrance end into fine particles and imparting a rapidwhirling motion thereto, said rotor means being adapted todischarge thene whirling particles intoa chamber l to the discharge aperture in thedischarge end, I

and valve means for selectively closing off said direct passage orclosing off communication be-v tween the rotor means and the entranceend'of said housing. 1 I A i Referring to the drawing forming partAhereof:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional View of the improved nozzle showingthe Valve means in position to permit the discharge of fluid in the formof a-fog and a stream simultaneously;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional View of the improved nozzle takenatright angles to the view in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is afragmentary section similar to Fig. 2, showing the valvemeans in a position -closing off the discharge of fluid in the form of afog; y

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section similar to Fig.` 2, showing the valvemeans in a position closing off the discharge of fluid in the form of astream;

Fig. 5 is' a transverse sectional view as on line 5 5, Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a plan sectional view taken substantially on l'ine 6 6, Fig.2;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially on line 1 1,Fig. 4; and

8 8, Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view ason line Similar numerals referto similar parts throughout the several views of the drawing.

The improved nozzle preferably includes a separable housing or casingwhich may include the head member indicated generally at I0 and the tailmember indicated generally at I I.

The tail member II is preferably provided at its entrance end with thefemale coupling portion I2 which is internally threaded as shown at I3for connection' with a pressure fluid line I4 in the vusual lmanner.The-usual gasket I5 is provided in the female coupling portion I2 Jformaking a leak-proof connection between the pressure line and the nozzle.

At its other end the tail member II is provided with an annularexternallwyfthreaded portion I6, and the head membrIQ is proyided withan annular internally threaded portion I1, which is adapted to bescrewed-fonte the externally threaded portion IB of the tail member II.

Preferably', a gasket I8 of rubber andthe like is insertedbetweenthe'end face of vthe portion I6 and la shoulder Iii-inthe annularwall-"of--the head member I0 for makingthe joint between the head andtail members leak-proof'.Y i*

The head'member I 0 may have a hemispherical or dome-shaped wall 20forming a dome-shaped discharge chamber 2 In The dome-shaped'wall 2U ispreferably provided with a restricted central discharge aperture-22which is coaxialfwith the entrance end of the nozzle,'that is, with thefemale coupling portion I2. Preferably,V the discharge Vaperture 22 isloutwardly flared as shown, for a purpose to be hereinafter described.fr The tail-member II preferably has its discharge end closed bytransverse partition wall 24. The wall 24 lpreferably rhas `a centralbossl 25 formed thereon provided with the axial bore 25.

Preferably, the tail member II kis provided between its entrance endandthe wall' 24 witha valve chamber 21 which maybe cylindrical as shownanddisposed-at` right angles to the longitudinal axis ofthe nozzle,having vthe open end 28. The valve chamber wall 29at the entrance sideis/ preferably 'provided'-with"an axial entrance port 3IJl communicatingwith the'cou'plin'gportion I2, and the axial bore 26 extends through thevalve chamber wall 21 atthe'discharge side. The discharge end'of theaxial 'bore 26 vis internally threaded as shown atf3I,` and a nozzle jetmember 32 is screwed intofthe threaded bore The nozzle jet member isadapted to be disposed axially of the nozzle, and is of such length thatthe discharge end of thejet member 32 will extend through' the dischargeaperture 22 Vof the head member I0 and preferablyterminatessubstantially at the outer surface of the dome wall 2U. The nozzle jetmember 32 is providedwith an axial bore 33 which is in'axial alignmentwith' the bo:ce-26,''so4 that a strai'ghtfand' direct passage isprovided from the entrance end of the nozzletoand through thedischarge-aperture22 for Adischarging a stream of--water axially of thenozzle and of the dischargeaperture'.;`

Preferablmarotar 35 is rotatably mounted on the jetmember 32 adjacent tothe'discharge side of boss- 25 of the transverse partition wall 24. Therotor 35 may be mounted lon 'the' nozzle jet member by means of ananti-friction bearing indicated at-36, the inner raceof thev bearingbeing secured to the jet member 32"'andthe outer raceI portionthereof-being securedto the rotor 35, with balls 36'rolling` nandbetween the races, inausualfmanner.

The rotor 35 is provided on its underside or entrance side with a seriesof blades 31, which may be radially disposed thereon, and the rotor 35is preferably provided in its upper or discharge side with recessedportions 38 forming angular discharge ports 39 through the rotor.

Preferably, an annular chamber 43 is formed between the partition wall24 and the wall 21', and surrounds the boss portion 25 in which theaxial bore 251s located, and a port 4I extends through Wall 21 forproviding communication between the valve chamber 21 and the annularchamber 40.

'The partition wall may be provided on its discharge side withcircumferentially arranged bosses 42, each having an angular passage 43extending therethrough "and providing communication between the annularchamber 45 and the discharge chamber 2| in the head member I0. Thepassages 43 are angularly disposed to the longitudinal axis of thenozzle so as to conduct fluid toward the underside or intake side of therotor in such a way'that the fluid will impinge upon the blades 31torotate the rotor and then discharge through the ports 3S, during whichthe fluid is broken up into extremely'small particles and the particlesare given a"rapid whirling movement and'discharged an'gularly outwardagainst the inner wall of the dome-shaped chamber 2|.

'Ihe improved valve means forselectively closing off the passage 26leading to passage 33 of the jet member 32 or for` closing offthepassage 4I Whichestablishes communication between the entrance end ofthe nozzle and tlepassagles 43 leading to the rotor, may include'acylindrical valve body 44 rotatably mounted in the valve chamber 21.

Preferably, a rubber sleeve or tube 45 is vulcanized or otherwisesecre'dtothe inner surface of the chamber 21, land thevalve body 44 fitsin the sleeve 45 with a close slidingt. "I he sleeve and valve body ttightly against the closed end of chamber 21, Vand the sleeve isprovided" with ports 2Ba,'39a and 4Ia, 'registering with passages 26,30,"and 4I respectively'in the walls of the valve chamber.

The means forv rotating the valve may include the handle '46""secured'toy a shank porticn"`41 Which is located inthe open end 28 of chamber21,`and the inner surface of shank portion 41 maybe provided with; nannular rib 48 for liitting against the'end of sleeve45."

The projecting annularv wall of the open end 28 of the valve chambermaybe p'rjcvided' with external threads indicated at 49 and a "cap 50" maybe screwed thereon for abutting the4 shoulder, 5I on the shank portion41`to'fonrrce the 'rib 48 against the end of sleeve 45 and"`forma"leak.proof seal around the valve body, 44. Preferably,r a segmentalril;P 52projects inwardly from theshank portion 41 and fits loosely in a slot 53in the valve vbody 44, afs bestshown in Fig. 8,for providing alIfloating connection be-V tween the valve body and handle', sov thatjthevalve body is capableV of slight'rncver-1v1rent relative to the shankcaused by compression Yo f the sleeve 45 Whenthe valve is close@ Thevalve body 444 isvpreferablyprovided with a. plurality of passages.formegisteringiwitj ports 26a, y300i and 4Ia ir'fthe slee'r passage Aextends ,throughthes valve 4body 4'4, and provides communication betweenports', '26cjand 30a. when thevalve 'isin the positionjoffFi'g; 2.

The through passage Blextendsthrgug'hthev ve body 'andv` intersectspassage Afatf'the'vcf portionthereof, anlprovide's. omrnunicatio 4 51,VTheY through' nearer tween ports 26a'an'd 30a. when the valve is ln theposition shown in Fig. 4. The passage C extends only half way throughthe valve body and communicates with passages A and B at the centralportion of said valve body, so that passages C and A providecommunication between ports 30a and 4|a in the position of the valveshown in Fig. 4.

While I have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of valvemeans, it will be understood that modified forms of valve means may beutilized for accomplishing. the purposes of my invention, withoutdeparting from the scope of the invention as defined in the appendedclaims.

In the operation of the improved nozzle, assuming that it is connectedwith a pressure fluid supply such as the pipe I4, in the position of thevalve 44, as shown in Fig. 4, the passage 2B is closed and the passagesC and A4 connect ports 30a and 4|a to provide communication between theentrance port 30 and passage 4|. Hence fluid passing into the tailmember Il from pipe I4 will pass into annular chamber 40 and thence beconducted through passages 43 to impinge upon the blades 31 of rotor 35,as indicated by arrows in Fig. '7, to rotate the rotor on the bearing 36at a high rate of speed.

As the rotor rotates, the fluid will be broken up into particles anddischarged from the ports 39 angularly and upwardly outward to form arapidly whirling vortex, the particles of which impinge upon the innersurface of dome wall 20 in the discharge chamber 2l. As indicated inFig. 1, the whirling particles are further broken up and deflected bydome wall 25 until they finally issue from the restricted dischargeaperture 22. Since the aperture 22 is outwardly ared the extremely finewhirling particles of fluid will issue therefrom in the form of a hollowcone-shaped fog, as indicated at 54 in Fig.- 1, which rapidly expandsand covers a relatively large volume.

Where a re to be extinguished is burning substantially at the surface ofa combustible mass, it has been found by actual test that the fogproduced by the improved nozzle envelops and extinguishes the re withgreater rapidity and greater` effectiveness than has been heretoforepossible with prior types of nozzles and that the volume of water orother extinguishing fluid required is extremely low.

If the fire to be extinguished is one where a combustible mass isburning below the surface, so that it is desirable to have theextinguishing fluid penetrate beneath the surface of the mass, theoperator of the improved nozzle has but to turn the handle 46 to rotatethe valve to the v position shown in Fig. 3, in which position passage Bconnects ports Sua and 26a and all of the pressure fluid entering thetail member Il of the nozzle will pass directly through the axial fluidpassage formed by passages 26 and 33 and issue out of the centralportion of the discharge aperture in the form of a high velocity streamas indicated at 55 in Fig. 1.

When the handle 46 is turned to rotate the valve 44 to the positionshown in Figs. 1 and 2, in which passages A and B provide'communicationbetween the port 30a and both the ports 26a and 4 la. some of the fluidentering the nozzle will issue in the form of a hollow cone-shaped fogand the remainder of the fluid will issue in the form of a high velocitystream in the center of the cone of fog, all as indicated in Fig. 1.With the valve in this position, the nozzle therefore becomes effectivein extinguishing are which is burning at the surface of a mass and alsosubstantially throughout the mass.

Obviously, by rotating the valve body 44 to bring one of the solidportions 56 or 5l over the port 30a, the nozzle will be entirely shutoff. Thus the valve has four positions: one where the nozzle iscompletely shut off, one for discharging aV stream only, one fordischarging a fog only, and one for discharging a stream and fogsimultaneously.

The improved nozzle is adapted to be operated by any and all persons inextinguishing various types of fires, and is particularly applicable touse in extinguishing relatively small household lires of waste paper andthe like, because such` fires can be extinguished almost immediatelywith such a very small amount of water or other uid that a minimum` ofdamage results.

The improved nozzle is light in weight and easily handled and operated,and is adapted to be quickly and easilyconnected to any'portable orstationary pressure uid line. t

I claim: y

1. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end and adischarge end, walls forming a discharge chamber in the discharge endand provided with a discharge aperture, rotor l means for breaking upfluid passing into the entrance end into particles and impartingwhirling movement thereto, said rotor means being adapted to direct saidwhirling particles into the discharge chamber for being discharged fromthe discharge aperture, and walls forming a uid passage leading directlyfrom said entrance end to said discharge aperture.

2. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end and adischarge end, walls fo-rming a discharge chamber in the discharge endand provided with a discharge aperture, rotor means for breaking upfluid passing into the entrance and into particles and impartingwhirling movement thereto, said rotor means being adapted to direct saidwhirling particles into the discharge chamber for being discharged fromthe discharge aperture, walls forming a fiuid passage leading directlyfrom the entrance end to said discharge aperture, and valve means forclosing said fluid passage.

3. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end and adischarge end, the dis-A charge end being provided with a dischargeaperture, rotor means. for breaking up fluid passing into the entranceend into particles and imparting whirling movement thereto, said rotormeans being adapted to direct vsaid whirling particles into thedischarge end of said housing for being discharged from said dischargeaperture, walls forming a fluid passage leading directly from saidentrance end to said discharge aperture, and single valve means forselectively closing said fluid passage or closing off said whirlimparting means from said entrance end.

4. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end and adischarge end, walls forming a discharge chamber in the discharge endprovided with a discharge aperture, a rotor rotatably journalled in thehousing, means for directing fluid passing into said entrance end.toward said rotor for rotating the same, the rotor being provided withports for discharging whirling fluid particles into said dischargechamber, and walls forming a fluid passage leading directly from saidentrance end to said discharge aperture.

5- Nozzle construction including; a houses having an entrance end and adischarge end, walls forming a discharge chamberin the discharge endprovided with a discharge aperture, a rotor rotatably iournallled in thehousing, means -for directing fluid passing into said entrance end4toward said rotor for rotating the same, the rotor being provided Withports for discharging whirling uid particles intor said dischargechamber, walls forming a uid passage leading directly from said entranceend'to said discharge `aperture, and valve means for selectively closingsaid fluid passage or closing off fluid passing to the rotor.

Nozzle construction including a housing hav-v ing an entrance end and adischarge end, wallsforming a discharge chamber in the discharge endprovided with a discharge aperture, a rotor rotatably journalled in thehousing', means for directing fluid passing into said entrance endtoward said rotor for rotating the. same,v the rotor being provided withports for discharging whirling fluid particles into said dischargechamber, the walls of said discharge chamber being adapted to cause the.whirling particles to issue from said discharge aperture in the form ofa hollow cone, and Walls forming a fluid passage leading directly fromsaid entrance end of the housing-tolr said discharge aperture fordischarging a fluid stream within the central portion of said hollowcone.

7. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end and adischarge end, Walls formirle' a discharge chamber in the. dischargeend-provided with a discharge aperture, a rotor'- rotatably journalledin the housing, means for directing fluid passing into said entrance endtoy ward said rotor for rotating the same, the rotor being provided withports for discharging whirling fluid particles into said dischargechamber, the Walls of said discharge chamberV being adapted to cause thewhirling particles to issue from said discharge aperture in the form ofa hollow cone, walls for-ming a fluid passage leading directly from saidentrance end of the housing to said discharge aperture fordischarging afluid stream within the central portion of said hollow cone, and valvemeans for closing` said fluid pas- Sge,

8. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end andA adischarge end, walls forming a dischargeA chamber in the discharge endprovided with a discharge aperture, a rotorrotatably journalled in thehousing, walls forming passages for conducting fluid toward said rotorfor rotating thesame, the rotor being provided With por-ts fordischarging whirling uid particles into said discharge chamber, wallsforming a port providing communication between said entrance end of thehousing and said uid conducting passages, Walls forming a fluidl passageleading directly from said entrance end to said discharge aperture, andvalve means for selectively closing said direct fluid passage or theport communicating with said fluid` conducting passages.

JOHN C. SCHELLIN.

